Congress e matlafatsa ts'ebetso ea hydrology

Khahlanong le boemo ba likotsi tse ntseng li eketseha tse kang likhohola le komello likarolong tsa lefats'e le khatello e ntseng e eketseha ea mehloli ea metsi, Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Meteorological Organization o tla matlafatsa ts'ebetsong ea morero oa oona oa ts'ebetso bakeng sa thuto ea metsi.

Matsoho a tshwereng metsi

Khahlanong le boemo ba likotsi tse ntseng li eketseha tse kang likhohola le komello likarolong tsa lefats'e le khatello e ntseng e eketseha ea mehloli ea metsi, Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Meteorological Organization o tla matlafatsa ts'ebetsong ea morero oa oona oa ts'ebetso bakeng sa thuto ea metsi.

Kopano e inehetseng ea matsatsi a mabeli ea Hydrological Assembly e etsahetse nakong ea Khonkerese ea Lefatše ea Boemo ba Boemo ba Leholimo ho bontša karolo ea mantlha ea thuto ea metsi ho mokhoa oa WMO's Earth System le boikitlaetsong ba Litemoso tsa Pele ho Bohle.

Congress e matlafalitse pono ea eona ea nako e telele bakeng sa hydrology. E amohetse matsapa a matlafalitsoeng a bolepi ba likhohola. E boetse e tsheheditse maikemisetso a sehlooho a Lenaneo le Kopanetsweng la Taolo ya Komello ho ntshetsapele kgokahanyo ya lefatshe lohle ya matsapa a ho matlafatsa tekolo ya komello, boitsebahatso ba dikotsi, boporofeta ba komello le ditshebeletso tsa temoso ya kapele. E tšehelitse katoloso ea Lefapha la Thuso le ntseng le le teng mabapi le Taolo e Kopantsoeng ea Moroallo le Lefapha la Thuso mabapi le Taolo e Kopanetsoeng ea Komello (IDM) ho tšehetsa taolo ea mehloli ea metsi ka botlalo.

Pakeng tsa 1970 le 2021, likoluoa tse amanang le likhohola li ne li atile haholo ho latela makhetlo. Maholiotsoana a tropike - a kopanyang moea o phoroselang, pula le likotsi tsa likhohola - e bile sesosa se ka sehloohong sa tahlehelo ea batho le moruo.

Komello Horn ea Afrika, likarolong tse khōlō tsa Amerika Boroa le karolo e ’ngoe ea Europe, le likhohola tse senyang Pakistan li ile tsa eketsa bophelo ba batho ba limilione selemong se fetileng. Komello e ile ea fetoha moroallo likarolong tsa Europe (ka leboea ho Italy le Spain) le Somalia ha Congress e ntse e tsoela pele - e boetse e bontša matla a ntseng a eketseha a liketsahalo tse feteletseng tsa metsi nakong ea phetoho ea boemo ba leholimo.

Hajoale, batho ba libilione tse 3.6 ba tobane le ho haelloa ke phihlello ea metsi bonyane khoeli le khoeli ka selemo 'me sena se lebelletsoe ho nyolohela ho feta 5 bilione ka 2050, ho latela State of Global Water Resources ea WMO. Ho qhibiliha ha leqhoa ho tlisa tšokelo ea khaello ea metsi e tlang ho limilione tse ngata - 'me ka lebaka leo Congress e phahamisitse liphetoho sebakeng sa cryosphere ho e' ngoe ea lintho tse tlang pele ho WMO.

"Litemoso tse ntle le taolo ea likotsi tse amanang le metsi ke tsa bohlokoa katlehong ea Litemoso tsa Pele ho Bohle. Re batla ho netefatsa hore ha ho motho ea makatsoang ke moroallo, 'me bohle ba itokiselitse komello," ho boletse Mongoli-Kakaretso oa WMO Prof. Petteri Taalas. "WMO e hloka ho matlafatsa le ho kopanya lits'ebeletso tsa hydrological ho ts'ehetsa phetoho ea maemo a leholimo."

Tšitiso e kholo ea ho fana ka litharollo tsa metsi tse sebetsang hantle le tse tšoarellang ke khaello ea leseli mabapi le mehloli ea metsi e teng hajoale, boteng ba nako e tlang le tlhoko ea phepelo ea lijo le matla. Baetsi ba liqeto ba tobane le bothata bo tšoanang ha ho tluoa tabeng ea likotsi tsa likhohola le komello.

Kajeno, 60% ea Linaha tseo e leng Litho tsa WMO li tlaleha ho fokotseha ha bokhoni ba tlhahlobo ea metsi, kahoo ho fana ka tšehetso ea liqeto litabeng tsa metsi, matla, lijo le tikoloho. Linaha tse fetang 50% lefatšeng ka bophara ha li na tsamaiso ea boleng bakeng sa lintlha tsa tsona tse amanang le metsi.

E le ho tobana le diphephetso, WMO e kgothalletsa tekolo le tsamaiso e ntlafetseng ya mehloli ya metsi le hoja Hydrological Status and Outlook System (HydroSOS) le Global Hydrometry Support Facility (HydroHub), tse seng di ntse di kenngwa tshebetsong.

Morero oa Ts'ebetso ea Hydrology
WMO e na le Morero o pharaletseng oa Hydrology Action, o nang le litabatabelo tsa nako e telele tse robeli.

Ha ho motho ea makatsoang ke moroallo
E mong le e mong o itokiselitse komello
Lintlha tsa hydro-climate le boemo ba leholimo li tšehetsa morero oa tšireletso ea lijo
Lintlha tsa boleng bo holimo li tšehetsa saense
Saense e fana ka motheo o utloahalang oa hydrology e sebetsang
Re na le tsebo e felletseng ea mehloli ea metsi ea lefats'e la rona
Tsoelo-pele e tsitsitseng e tšehetsoa ke boitsebiso ba hydrological
Boleng ba metsi boa tsebahala.
Sistimi ea Tataiso ea Moroallo oa Flash
Seboka sa Hydrological Assembly se boetse se tsebisitsoe ka thupelo ea Matlafatso ea Basali e hlophisitsoeng ke WMO ka moralo oa projeke ea Ts'ebetso ea Tlhaho ea Moroallo ka la 25 le la 26 Motšeanong 2023.

Sehlopha se khethiloeng sa litsebi ho tsoa thupelong se arolelane sephetho sa lithupelo le sechaba se pharaletseng sa hydrological, ho kenyeletsoa lisebelisoa tsa ho theha marang-rang a litsebi tse khothalelitsoeng le litsebi tse ipabolang, ho matlafatsa bokhoni ba bona, le ho nts'etsapele bokhoni ba bona bo phahameng, eseng molemong oa bona feela empa le ho sebeletsa litlhoko tsa sechaba lefatšeng ka bophara.

Congress e khothalelitse ho sebetsa ka thata, taolo ea likotsi ho fapana le karabelo ea setso ho komello ka taolo e sebetsang, ea koluoa. E khothalelitse Maloko ho khothaletsa le ho matlafatsa tšebelisano-'moho le litlhophiso tse peli pakeng tsa Litšebeletso tsa Naha tsa Meteorological and Hydrological Services le litsi tse ling tse ananeloang ke WMO bakeng sa ponelopele e ntlafetseng ea komello le tlhokomelo.

Re ka fana ka mefuta e fapaneng e bohlale ea hydrographic radar level flow flow velocity sensors